近日，德国马克斯·普朗克多学科科学研究所Melina Schuh及其小组发现，哺乳动物卵母细胞在细胞质网格上为早期胚胎储存蛋白质。这一研究成果于2023年11月2日在线发表在国际学术期刊《细胞》上。

研究人员发现细胞质网格是卵母细胞储存早期胚胎发育所需蛋白质的场所。利用超分辨率光学显微镜和低温电子断层扫描技术，研究人员发现细胞质网格由高表面积的丝状物组成，其中含有PADI6和皮质下母体复合体蛋白。细胞质网格与许多对胚胎发育至关重要的蛋白质相关联，其中包括控制植入前胚胎表观遗传重编程的蛋白质。通过敲除PADI6或皮质下母体复合体，使细胞质网格缺失，可阻止这些蛋白质的积累，并导致早期胚胎停育。

这项研究表明，细胞质网格能富集母体提供的蛋白质，防止其过早降解和细胞活动，从而实现哺乳动物的早期发育。

据了解，哺乳动物的卵母细胞中充满了鲜为人知的细胞质网格结构。这种结构于20世纪60年代首次被发现，并被推测与哺乳动物的卵黄、核糖体阵列或中间丝相对应，但其功能至今仍是个谜。

附：英文原文

Title: Mammalian oocytes store proteins for the early embryo on cytoplasmic lattices

Author: Ida M.A. Jentoft, Felix J.B. Buerlein, Luisa M. Welp, Benjamin H. Cooper, Arsen Petrovic, Chun So, Sarah Mae Penir, Antonio Z. Politi, Yehor Horokhovskyi, Iina Takala, Heike Eckel, Rüdiger Moltrecht, Peter Lénárt, Tommaso Cavazza, Juliane Liepe, Nils Brose, Henning Urlaub, Rubén Fernández-Busnadiego, Melina Schuh

Issue&Volume: 2023-11-02

Abstract: Mammalian oocytes are filled with poorly understood structures called cytoplasmic lattices. First discovered in the 1960s and speculated to correspond to mammalian yolk, ribosomal arrays, or intermediate filaments, their function has remained enigmatic to date. Here, we show that cytoplasmic lattices are sites where oocytes store essential proteins for early embryonic development. Using super-resolution light microscopy and cryoelectron tomography, we show that cytoplasmic lattices are composed of filaments with a high surface area, which contain PADI6 and subcortical maternal complex proteins. The lattices associate with many proteins critical for embryonic development, including proteins that control epigenetic reprogramming of the preimplantation embryo. Loss of cytoplasmic lattices by knocking out PADI6 or the subcortical maternal complex prevents the accumulation of these proteins and results in early embryonic arrest. Our work suggests that cytoplasmic lattices enrich maternally provided proteins to prevent their premature degradation and cellular activity, thereby enabling early mammalian development.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.003

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)01085-1

期刊信息

Cell：《细胞》，创刊于1974年。隶属于细胞出版社，最新IF：66.85

官方网址：https://www.cell.com/

投稿链接：https://www.editorialmanager.com/cell/default.aspx