[摘要] 目的 比较氯胺酮、赛拉嗪及其复合麻醉对树鼩的麻醉效果，建立安全、有效的树鼩麻醉及监护方法。方法 采用单纯氯胺酮组、赛拉嗪组和复合麻醉组对树鼩肌肉注射进行麻醉，观察树鼩麻醉效果，记录麻醉起效时间、维持时间，每五分钟监测一次心率、氧饱和度、呼吸频率。结果 氯胺酮组、赛拉嗪组、复合麻醉组，麻醉起效时间分别为3.7±0.8min、5.5±1.0min和 2.0±0.9min,三组比较，差异有显著性（P≤0.05）；麻醉持续时间分别为21.7±3.3min、14.5±2.7 min和48.3±4.4 min，三组比较，差异有显著性（P≤0.05）；镇痛效果氯胺酮和赛拉嗪效果差，麻醉后动物嘴巴还会一张一合，复合麻醉组镇痛效果优；三组麻醉呼吸道均无分泌物产生。树鼩复合麻醉后，5分钟至35分钟的时间里心率逐渐下降，从258±10.6次/分钟下降到159.8±11.3次/分钟，35分钟以后心率呈平台型；树鼩复合麻醉后，血氧饱和度变化不太规则，时高时低，但血氧饱和度均大于90%；树鼩复合麻醉后，呼吸平稳。 结论 单独采用氯胺酮或赛拉嗪麻醉树鼩，麻醉起效长，维持时间短，镇痛效果差，采用复合麻醉起效快，维持时间长，镇痛效果好，是一种安全、有效的麻醉方法；建立了树鼩麻醉的监护方法。

【Abstract】Objective A study was conducted to compare the clinical effects of xylazine, ketamine, and a cocktail of them in Tree shrew. Setting up the safe, effective and monitoring method for Tree shrew anesthesia. Methods Using ketamine, xylazine and a xylazine-ketamine cocktail in Tree shrew. All treatments were administered intramuscularly.Observation of tree shrews anesthesia effect, record the anesthesia effect time, maintaining time. Monitoring heart rate, oxygen saturation and respiratory frequency every five minutes Results The availability time were 3.7±0.8min,5.5±1.0min and 2.0±0.9min, for groups ketamine, xylazine and a xylazine-ketamine cocktail. The maitainance time were 21.7±3.3min,14.5±2.7 min and 48.3±4.4 min respectively. Pain ease effect was poor of groups ketamine and xylazine. Pain ease effect was wonderful of group xylazine-ketamine cocktail. Respiratory tract of all groups were no secretion.