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科学家探讨新冠病毒抗体依赖性增强的研究进展

2020年07月17日 浏览量: 评论(0) 来源: 科学网 作者:
摘要:美国华盛顿大学医学院Herbert W. Virgin、Ann M. Arvin等研究人员合作探讨了新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)抗体依赖性增强的研究进展。这一论文于2020年7月13日在线发表在《自然》上。

美国华盛顿大学医学院Herbert W. Virgin、Ann M. Arvin等研究人员合作探讨了新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)抗体依赖性增强的研究进展。这一论文于2020年7月13日在线发表在《自然》上。


研究人员表示,疾病的抗体依赖性增强(ADE)是疫苗和抗体疗法发展的普遍关注点,因为抗体保护的机制在理论上具有放大病毒感染或触发免疫病理的潜力。与疾病ADE风险相关的观察结果需要在SARS-CoV-2大流行的这一关键时刻进行仔细研究。

 

目前,尚无临床发现、免疫学测定法或生物标记物可通过抗体、T细胞或内在宿主反应将任何严重的病毒感染与免疫增强的疾病区分开。体外系统和动物模型不能预测疾病发生ADE的风险,部分原因是保护性和可能有害的抗体介导的机制相同,而动物模型的设计取决于对抗病毒宿主反应如何对人有害的理解。

 

研究人员认为,我们缺乏相关认知的影响是双重的。首先,迫切需要全面的研究来定义SARS-CoV-2保护性免疫的临床相关性。其次,由于无论疫苗是哪种病原,我们都无法在疫苗接种或抗体治疗后可靠地预测疾病的ADE,因此随着对COVID-19疾病免疫干预的发展,对人体安全性的仔细分析至关重要。

 

附:英文原文


Title: A perspective on potential antibody-dependent enhancement of 

SARS-CoV-2


Author: Ann M. Arvin, Katja Fink, Michael A. Schmid, Andrea Cathcart, 

Roberto Spreafico, Colin Havenar-Daughton, Antonio Lanzavecchia, 

Davide Corti, Herbert W. Virgin


Issue&Volume: 2020-07-13


Abstract: The possibility of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of 

disease is a general concern for the development of vaccines and 

antibody therapies because the mechanisms that underlie antibody 

protection have the theoretical potential to amplify viral infections or 

trigger immunopathology. Observations relevant to the risks of ADE of 

disease require careful review at this critical point in the SARS-CoV-2 

pandemic. At present, no clinical findings, immunologic assays or 

biomarkers are known to differentiate any severe viral infection from 

immune-enhanced disease, whether by antibodies, T cells or intrinsic host 

responses. In vitro systems and animal models do not predict the risk of 

ADE of disease, in part because protective and potentially detrimental 

antibody-mediated mechanisms are the same, and designing animal 

models depends on understanding how antiviral host responses may 

become harmful in people. The implications of our lack of knowledge are 

twofold. First, comprehensive studies are urgently needed to define 

clinical correlates of protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Second, 

since we cannot predict ADE of disease reliably after either vaccination or treatment with antibodies, regardless of what virus is the causative agent, it will be essential to depend on careful analysis of safety in humans as 

immune interventions for COVID-19 disease move forward.


DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2538-8


Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2538-8


期刊信息


Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:43.07


官方网址:http://www.nature.com/


投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html

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